Targeted
It notes reports that women and girls are being disproportionately targeted, with rape being used as a deliberate silencing tool by armed soldiers to deter female protesters from participating in demonstrations that call for a civilian-led democratic government.
Female protestors have been at the forefront of the recent demonstrations.
Given reports of Sudanese security forces killing protesters, including Mohamed Yousif Ismail on 30 January, the IBAHRI has called for targeted sanctions against the country’s military generals.
The death of the 27-year-old brings the total number of protesters killed since the October 2021 military coup d’etat in Sudan to 79.
As well as the violent crackdown by the country’s military and security forces against peaceful protesters, the IBAHRI also condemns the revocation of journalists’ and media outlets’ accreditations in Sudan.
IBAHRI co-chair and immediate past secretary general of the Swedish Bar Association, Dr Anne Ramberg said that targeted sanctions against military generals should be used to deter further human rights violations and facilitate Sudan’s return to a civilian-led Transitional Sovereign Council, in accordance with the 2019 Constitutional Document.
Ramberg added: “An independent and transparent investigation into the bloodshed must be undertaken and conducted in accordance with international standards, and there should be no blanket immunity from prosecution for soldiers.
Rule of law
“The rule of law must prevail with criminal prosecutions, fair trials and enforcement of judicial rulings against perpetrators, including those in the line of command.”
On 23 January, amid a campaign of arrests of pro-democracy figures, activist Amira Osman was abducted from her home by 15 armed, masked men.
The United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance Mission in Sudan (UNITAMS) stated that it was outraged by Osman’s arrest, citing a “pattern of violence against women’s rights activists” that “severely risks reducing their political participation in Sudan”.
On 17 January, according to the Central Committee of Sudanese Doctors (CCSD), Sudan’s security forces killed seven protesters by firing live ammunition into peaceful demonstrations in Khartoum and other areas in Sudan.
The deaths marked one of the deadliest days since the October 2021 military coup. The CCSD has further reported that more than 2,000 protesters have been injured by State security forces, particularly by the Rapid Support Forces.
Other reports state that three children under the age of 18 have been killed and others injured during demonstrations.
Killings
Following the recent killings, 55 Sudanese judges and 100 prosecutors released separate statements condemning the use of lethal force against protesters, calling for investigations and a lifting of the state of emergency that has provided blanket immunity and wider powers to security forces.
In addition to attacks on demonstrators, it has been reported that at least eight journalists have been abused by security forces whilst documenting protest action.
Also, on 16 January, Sudanese authorities withdrew the broadcast licence of Al Jazeera Mubasher network and revoked the accreditation of journalists.
The Sudanese Ministry of Culture and Information cited ‘the un-professional coverage of the Sudanese affairs,’ and the reporting of ‘incorrect information that damages the country’s interest and social fabric’ as the reasons for the revocations.
IBAHRI director Baroness Helena Kennedy QC commented: “Not only is the killing of peaceful protesters and the suppression of the role of the media a blatant attack on the right to self-determination, it reveals a lack of sincere commitment and good faith from the military.
Coups
“Sudan is the country that has seen the most military coups on the African continent. These power grabs have become predictable and prevent the development of the very democratic institutions which the people desire. The people of Sudan clearly want self-determination and the rule of law, not rule by military diktat,” she said.